India and turkey

17/06/2025

India and Turkey have always been on tight grounds which is evident in the recent escalations, But the question is, why does Turkey persist in its unconditional support for Pakistan, even after accepting decades of help and resources from India during their downfall? For some context, recently even in mission sindoor, while india attacked terrorist based camps in pakistan, pakistan attacked india with nearly 300-400 drones in 36 locations of india to test our air defence, with many of these drones being from the turkish origin. In the past, there have been many events where India has showcased their support for Turkey, which has always gone unrecognized in the eyes of the Turkish government. India had established its relations with Turkey in 1948 and had opened its embassy in Ankara where we started exporting spices, cotton and tea to Turkey and soon after in 1950, a friendship treaty was signed. Later, in 2009 when Turkey developed its first nano satellite, India assisted in its launch. And the most predominant act of support, was when on feb 6 2023, an earthquake struck turkey and syria, which caused a lot of harm to the infrastructure, killing over 50,000 people and leaving many homeless. During this time, India launched “ Operation dost’’ to aid Turkey with medical equipment. Some of these equipment include medicines, x-ray machines, blankets, power generators etc along with food supplies. India also set up 30 bed field hospitals with a staff of 99 people along with surgeons and critical care experts with nearly 4000 patients being treated. Strangely, Turkey's support for Pakistan has seen to have a tremendous increase of about 103% in its export of military equipment as well, knowing very well that pakistan uses these weapons against India. Turkey has also played a huge role in modernising Pakistan's navy, with both navies conducting joint defence exercises to strengthen their capacity. Turkey has also consistently intruded in the personal affairs of kashmir, openly supporting pakistan in international forums and opposing the eradication of article 370 in 2019. Even during the pahalgam attack, turkey openly supported pakistan and president erdogan told shehbaaz sharif over the phone “ I pray to Allah for mercy for my brothers who lost their lives in the attacks and express my condolences to the brotherly people of Pakistan and the country.’’ But the question is, why is Turkey adamant on supporting Pakistan and ruining ties with a developing superpower? Well, Turkey maintains strong relations with China and Russia, and it heavily depends on Russia for energy. Turkey exported 11 billion dollars to Russia in 2023, and China invested 1 billion dollars to set up a factory in Turkey in 2024. Turkey also helped China by giving a list of 2000 items to boost trade and their economy. There also seems to be a religious alignment, as India is a hindu majority, Turkey aligns with islamic nations which ties them close to Pakistan possibly stemming from their deep rooted love for their religion. Turkey is heavily invested in uniting the islamic nations and being the head of this community, and since India doesn't fit into this vision, it is less concerned about its ties with India. But the question is, what can India do severely to affect turkey? India can boycott tourism as from 2019 to 2025, 1.1 million indian tourists have visited turkey which has boosted their economy and provided more jobs too, making up to 12% of turkey’s gdp employing 10% of its population. India contributes to 3000 crore annually and this boycott will severely affect its economy. India should also ban import-export of petroleum and textiles including auto parts which can instead be sourced from japan or south korea, denting turkey’s economy furthermore due to the increase in prices. At a global level, India can also question certain policies of Turkey at brics, g20, and the UN which can oppose turkey’s brics membership, and raise questions about turkey’s global image as india did with malaysia previously as well.

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